However, my country's bio-based plastics manufacturing industry is still in the early stage of development and still faces many problems. For example, the price of most bio-based materials is higher than the corresponding oil or coal-based products. Consumers' awareness of bio-based plastics needs to be improved. The domestic market is still immature, with limited capacity, weak industry innovation capabilities, lack of core competitiveness, and industrial development. Lack of overall planning and coordination.
The problem of raw materials has increasingly become a bottleneck for the development of the bio-manufacturing industry. On the premise of not affecting food security, the coordination of raw material resources of carbohydrates and lipids, and the reduction of the processing cost of biomass raw materials, will become a fundamental issue for the healthy development of the bio-based plastics industry. And most bio-based plastics are also uncompetitive in performance compared to petrochemicals. In addition, the bio-based plastics industry chain is not perfect, and there is no organic and close connection between the biomass material industry, petrochemical and chemical industry, and material industry.
During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the bio-based plastics industry should focus on technological research and market development, strive for a higher level of development and competitiveness, and rapidly improve economic competitiveness. In terms of development direction, we should focus on supporting carbon dioxide-based polymers, polylactic acid, dibasic acid glycol copolyester, polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), starch-based plastics, straw fiber thermoplastic molding materials, bio-based polyurethane, Development and application of biodegradable mulch films, bio-based high-barrier functional materials, and multi-substituted cellulose materials.
Among them, the polylactic acid material should consolidate the production capacity of L-lactic acid and D-lactic acid, the heat-resistant temperature of heat-resistant polylactic acid should be higher than 110℃, and the cost should be controlled within 20,000 yuan/ton. Dibasic acid diol copolyester should focus on supporting the research and development and industrialization demonstration of polybutylene succinate (PBS) and polybutylene terephthalate adipate (PBAT) plastic and fiber materials, mastering PBS , Bio-based preparation of PBAT polymer and its key monomer succinic acid and other key technologies. For polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), the PHA synthesis gene should be studied in depth, and PHA with better performance can be obtained through genetic recombination optimization, and further improve the yield and purity, and reduce the production cost. Starch-based plastics should support the R&D and industrialization of key technologies for preparing functional starch-based plastics from non-grain starches such as tapioca starch, and strive to achieve a production capacity of 1 million tons by 2020.
To this end, it is hoped that the country will support the better development of bio-based plastics through the guidance of industrial policies. It is recommended that the state formulate financial subsidies and preferential tax policies for bio-based plastic products. First, formulate preferential policies for financial subsidies and government procurement; second, the State Administration of Taxation will formulate preferential policies for income tax and value-added tax on bio-based products; third, the General Administration of Customs will increase the export tax rebate rate, implement zero tariffs, and set up a separate customs office for bio-based products. The fourth is to provide low-interest loans or discounts to biodegradable plastic-related companies; the fifth is to improve laws and regulations on products that seriously pollute the environment, completely prohibit their production and use or levy environmental resource fees on them.
